Calculate your federal, state, and local tax liability with our comprehensive tax calculator. Estimate your tax refund or how much you'll owe based on your income, deductions, and filing status.
Estimate your annual tax burden and see how different income levels, deductions, and filing status affect your tax liability.
Understanding how income taxes work can help you make better financial decisions and potentially save money.
| Tax Rate | Single | Married Filing Jointly | Head of Household |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10% | $0 - $11,000 | $0 - $22,000 | $0 - $15,700 |
| 12% | $11,001 - $44,725 | $22,001 - $89,450 | $15,701 - $59,850 |
| 22% | $44,726 - $95,375 | $89,451 - $190,750 | $59,851 - $95,350 |
| 24% | $95,376 - $182,100 | $190,751 - $364,200 | $95,351 - $182,100 |
| 32% | $182,101 - $231,250 | $364,201 - $462,500 | $182,101 - $231,250 |
| 35% | $231,251 - $578,125 | $462,501 - $693,750 | $231,251 - $578,100 |
| 37% | Over $578,125 | Over $693,750 | Over $578,100 |
The U.S. federal income tax uses a progressive tax system, meaning that different portions of your income are taxed at increasing rates as your income rises.
For example, if you're single with $50,000 in taxable income:
You can either take the standard deduction or itemize deductions, whichever gives you the greater tax benefit:
About 90% of taxpayers now take the standard deduction since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 nearly doubled the standard deduction amount.
In addition to income tax, you also pay:
State income tax rates vary widely:
Unlike deductions, tax credits directly reduce your tax bill dollar for dollar. Common credits include:
Smart tax planning strategies to help you minimize your tax liability and keep more of your hard-earned money.
Contributions to 401(k)s, IRAs, and other qualified retirement plans can reduce your taxable income while building your nest egg.
Charitable donations can reduce your taxable income if you itemize deductions.
Health Savings Accounts offer triple tax advantages: tax-deductible contributions, tax-free growth, and tax-free withdrawals for qualified medical expenses.
If you're self-employed or own a business, track and deduct ordinary and necessary business expenses.
Take advantage of education-related tax benefits if you or your dependents are in school.
Offset capital gains with capital losses to reduce your tax liability on investment returns.
Answers to common questions about income taxes and our calculator.
While our calculator provides a good estimate of your tax liability based on the information you provide, it's not a substitute for professional tax advice. The actual tax you owe may differ due to specific circumstances, additional deductions or credits, or changes in tax laws. For precise tax calculations, consult with a tax professional or use official IRS tax preparation software.
Your marginal tax rate is the rate you pay on your last dollar of income, or the rate applied to your highest tax bracket. For example, if you're in the 22% tax bracket, your marginal rate is 22%.
Your effective tax rate is the average rate you pay on your total taxable income. Since the U.S. has a progressive tax system, your effective rate is typically lower than your marginal rate. For example, someone in the 22% bracket might have an effective federal tax rate of only 15% overall.
Tax withholdings are amounts your employer takes from your paycheck and sends to the government toward your annual tax obligation. The amount withheld is based on:
If too much tax is withheld, you'll receive a refund when you file your tax return. If too little is withheld, you'll owe additional tax. You can adjust your withholdings by submitting a new W-4 form to your employer.
For most individual taxpayers in the United States:
Even with an extension to file, any taxes owed are still due by the original deadline to avoid penalties and interest.
Explore our other financial calculators to help with your financial planning needs.
Calculate the sales tax and final price for purchases in any state.
Convert hourly wages to annual salary or calculate take-home pay.
See how your savings and investments can grow over time.
Project your retirement savings and see the impact of employer matching.